1910 - 1919
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1910 - 1920 The Mexican Revolution: A revolution ends a dictator rule but started another struggle within the alliance. Only one of allies survived to the end.
1911 - 1912 Robert of Britain and Roald of Norway raced to the south pole. Robert lost by 35 days and whole team died on the way back.
1898 The Boxers rebellion in China.
1901 The Boxer Protocol (辛丑条约) signed between Li Hongzhang of Qing and Eight-Nation Alliance.
1908 Puyi succession
1912 Yuan Shikai abdicated of Puyi andwas inaugurated as first president of Republic of China.
1913 Ford assembly line of Model T. It could be built in 93 minutes.
1913 Suffragette Emily Davison died after throwing herself in front of the King's horse at the Epsom Derby at Britain.
1914 Panama Canal: first by French then by US.
1912 - 1945 Women's suffrage movements around the world.
1908 Bosnian Crisis: Austria-Hungary was keen to gain control of Bosnia-Herzegovina while Ottoman Empire also laid claim to the region. Balkan states called for independence. In this French cartoon Austria-Hungary snatched Bosnia-Herzegovina from Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria declared independence. Interestingly Ottoman Empire joined Triple Alliance instead of the Triple Entente in the World War I.
1914 - 1918 World War I
The lamps are going out all over Europe. We will not see them lit again in our lifetime.
-- Sir Edward Grey, British Foreign Secretary, Aug 3, 1914
1919 Versailles Treaty
1919 Spanish Flu: It is estimated that 500 million people were infected, 100 million died (6% of the world population).
1916 Irish Easter Rising was crushed.
1919 - 1921 Irish War of Independence led to the Anglo-Irish Treaty that created Irish Free State in 1922.
1922 - 1923 Disagreements among Free State fighters over the treaty (being a British dominion, not being Irish Republic, treaty ports, etc.) led to the Irish Civil War. Pro-treaty forces won. Ireland would become fully independent on 1937.
1914 - 1919 Arab Revolt: Encouraged by Britain, Arabs led by Prince Faisal revolted against Ottoman Empire and ended its rule. However Britain and France splited the Middle East instead of making it independent Arab state. Also Jerusalem was promised both to Arabs and Jews. Faisal was compensated by being made King of Iraq.
1917 - 1922 Revolution in Russia: The rebels formed the Petreograd Soviet (St. Petersburg Council) and Czar Nicholas II was forced to abicate. A war broke out between Petrograd Soviet and the Provisional Government. Power was first in Trotsky's hands then in Lenin's. After Petrograd Soviet driving Provisional Governmanet out, another civil war between Bolsheviks Red Army and anti-Bolshevik "white" forces. In 1922 Bolsheviks won, renamed itself Communists, and founded the USSR. (BTW czar and his family were shot dead on 1918 by the Bolsheviks.)
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